Walnut

Walnuts, known locally as okhar, are deeply ingrained in Nepal's culture and cuisine. Here's a glimpse into their significance:

Production and Cultivation:

• Native and Widespread: The English walnut (Juglans regia) grows naturally in Nepal's mountainous regions, particularly at elevations between 1000-4000 meters.
• Traditional, not Commercial: While not widely cultivated commercially, walnut trees are traditionally grown and protected, with their felling even prohibited by law.
• Subsistence and Income: Walnuts primarily serve as a food source for local communities and contribute to their income through limited sales.

Consumption:

• Seasonal Treat: Walnut consumption peaks during festivals like Tihar, when they're used in sweets, snacks, and offerings.
• Diverse Uses: Walnuts are eaten raw, roasted, or candied. They're also used in chutneys, pickles, and traditional dishes like alu bodi (potato and walnut curry).
• Medicinal Applications: Both the nuts and bark have been used in traditional medicine for various ailments, including skin disorders.

Market Trends:

• Growing Demand: Walnut demand is increasing, driven by rising incomes and awareness of their health benefits.
• Imports: Nepal imports walnuts, primarily from China, to meet the growing demand and supplement domestic production.
• Market Fluctuations: The market has seen ups and downs, with imports declining in 2022.

Additional Points:

• Religious Significance: Walnuts are used in religious rituals and offerings, symbolizing prosperity and good fortune.
• Sustainability Concerns: Balancing demand with sustainable harvesting and conservation of walnut trees is crucial.
• Potential for Growth: The walnut industry in Nepal has potential for growth through improved cultivation practices, value addition, and market access.

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